I. Overview
Traffic congestion, congestion, accidents and environmental pollution have become the most difficult modern social hazards. The research on improving traffic has received more and more attention from the governments of various countries and people's concerns. Traffic "difficulties in parking" has increasingly become a "bottleneck" restricting the economic development of large and medium-sized cities in China. Make full use of modern science and technology, and draw on the experience in the development of foreign traffic, introduce a city parking guidance system, so that in a soft and hard combination, while saving huge construction costs, but also improve the "difficult parking" situation.
The parking system, as an integral part of the city's intelligent transportation, can reasonably arrange parking, increase the utilization rate of berths at parking facilities, promote the equalization of parking facilities, reduce the phenomenon of roadside parking, reduce the number of queued vehicles waiting for entry, and reduce the number of drivers looking for parking berths. Time consumption, thereby reducing the amount of traffic that the city center adds for parking.
Aike Electronics has successfully developed the AKE City Parking Guidance System in the context of absorbing and digesting advanced foreign technology, combining the characteristics of Chinese cities. The system can provide city parking information in real time, save time for drivers, reduce "blind flow" of vehicles caused by lack of parking information, more effectively improve the situation of "difficult parking", and increase parking lot parking spaces. The city parking guidance system is an important part of the ITS (Intelligent Transportation System). Many countries in Europe and America have already conducted a lot of research work and applied it to the city center. In the United States, Germany, and other developed countries in the transportation industry have been promoted in more than a dozen cities. Through the use of parking guidance systems, urban traffic congestion has been greatly eased, road occupancy has been reduced, vehicle exhaust emissions and noise have been reduced, and the original The utilization of parking facilities has achieved good social and economic benefits.
By drawing on advanced traffic construction and management experience from both home and abroad, we have unified management of all parking lots and parking spaces of Taiyuan Commercial Street in Shenyang City through technical means, and induced vehicles entering the area in real time, providing convenient and timely parking spaces for the crowd. The parking lot information of the parking lot enables it to take the shortest possible time to find the right parking space, thus reducing the number of cars in the public road space for parking spaces.
Second, case introduction
1. Project introduction
Taiyuan Business Street in Heping District of Shenyang City is a bustling business district in the heart of Shenyang. It is mainly composed of large-scale general department stores, supplemented by professional shops, and is surrounded by open-air markets. It is a commercial, Beverage, cultural and entertainment complex. In the multi-functional commercial community, 16 commercial parking spaces have been opened in Taiyuan Street area, but the utilization rate is only 20% to 30%. Is there not enough cars to park here? No! During the day, a large number of traffic flock to this place. Many drivers cannot find a parking space and park on the side of the road or on the sidewalk, causing difficulties in driving and parking. Because of the lack of parking guidance systems, motorists are in a state of “invisible, inaudible, inaccessible, and inaccessible†to parking information. Therefore, an electronic parking guidance system should be established as soon as possible in the region to effectively alleviate the difficulties of parking and driving. In order to alleviate the current traffic congestion, the Shenyang Municipal Bureau of City Administration and Law Enforcement Branch and the Peace Branch decided to introduce advanced high-tech equipment and implement a parking guidance system for Taiyuan Street. In order to ease the traffic, parking guidance cards are set up at major traffic arteries in Taiyuan Street to quickly guide the vehicles to parking lots with free parking space.
2, design basis
Parking Guidance System (dB31/T298-2003)
"Urban Road Traffic Planning and Design Specifications" (GB50880-95)
Road Traffic Signs and Markings (GB5768-99)
"Technical Conditions of Highway Traffic Signs" (JT/T279-1995)
"Technical Conditions for Expressway LED Variable Information Signs" (JT/T431-2000)
"Parking Plan Design Specifications"
Other related technical specifications and standards
3, design plan
There are 29 underground commercial parking lots in the commercial area of ​​Taiyuan, Shenyang City, of which there are 18 parking spaces in use, of which there are 2809 parking spaces. There are 11 parking spaces that are not in use, and there are 1217 parking spaces. There are 7 parking lots that need to be induced in the first phase. The preliminary plan is 7 three-level release screens, 7 secondary release screens, and 4 first-level release screens.
Due to the large number and complexity of parking lots in the area, they are located in different corners of the region, and they have been built one after another. The technology of each parking lot management system is very different. There are C/S-based management systems and B/S-based management systems. Some of the early construction parking lots did not even have a computer management system. The equipment used was also very different. It is indeed not easy to manage all the parking resources in the region.
According to the actual environment of Taiyuan District, parking induction is divided into two parts. The first part is the release of long-distance bus information in front of the Shenyang Railway Station. The system will release the long-distance bus information of the day. The second part entered China Commercial Street parking guidance. Parking induction in China Commercial Street is divided into three levels of induction.
The first level of induction - into the area. A dynamic parking guidance sign is set up on the main roads around the area to provide detailed information such as the location of the parking lot, dynamic parking spaces, directions of traffic, and traffic status prompts.
The second level of induction - on the road. At the intersection of 1 to 4 road junctions in the parking lot, information on the dynamic parking space and orientation of the parking lot is indicated;
The third level induces A---the destination. At the entrance of the parking lot, the number of empty parking spaces in the parking lot is announced in real time.
The third level induces B - the end point. Accurate guidance in the parking lot, quickly guide the vehicle to the designated empty parking space, and increase parking efficiency (will be included in the next plan).
In order to achieve the best parking induction effect in the Taiyuan Street area, a control center is set up to receive and process real-time information collected from each parking lot, and publish information to primary and secondary information screens; Parking lot coordinated control. On the information sharing platform, a basic database is established and managed through the information center. The city's traffic information is open and shared, and can obtain traffic information through teletext, radio, telephone, radio, and mobile phone text messages, and even get access to each parking lot within the system through Internet access.
4, the system uses technology
Data acquisition technology: (collected directly from the parking space detector; collected from the database of the parking management system)
GPRS data transmission technology
Electronic map inquiry
GIS technology
Expert Analysis Library
Decision Support Model
Induced electronic screen display
Network security
System fault tolerance and verification
Dual hot backup
B/S architecture support platform
Web publishing
5, system structure
The city parking guidance system is a variable, multi-level information release electronic screen as the main information carrier, providing the drivers with specific locations of parking lots (banks), real-time data of the current parking spaces, etc., and guiding the driver to stop at a reasonable pace. An intelligent transportation system that provides data for analysis and assists management department decision-making.
The system consists of four parts: data acquisition, data transmission, central management system and data release system.
Advanced GPRS wireless communication is adopted to achieve seamless coverage of the entire area, that is, all parking lots within the jurisdiction are included in the system. In the data processing and forwarding center, the collected data is analyzed, counted, and predicted. According to the preset configuration strategy and algorithm, accurate and reasonable parking information is issued to each information publishing end.
5.1 Data Collector
A data collection terminal is set up at each parking lot (base) to sense when the car enters or exits the parking lot at any time, and the remaining parking spot data of the parking lot is transmitted to the management control center. All the information sent from the parking lot is managed and controlled. After the central comprehensive processing, these data and comprehensive information are then transmitted to each dynamic signboard on the city streets. Therefore, the information on the use of parking lots in each area and outside the area is dynamic in real time.
For the overall system, the management system of each parking lot is the data source and monitoring object of the guidance system. On the one hand, the system's pre-acquisition computer collects parking space information from each parking lot management system through various wired and wireless methods, performs conversion processing, and forms a unified data flow that can be approved by the system database and sent to the management control center in real time; On the one hand, the pre-acquisition computer receives the control commands issued by the control center, performs corresponding transformation processing, and then forwards them to the corresponding parking lot management subsystem.
5.2 Data Transmission
It mainly refers to the parking space data communication between the parking lot information collection terminal and the central management system and the communication between the central management system and the guidance screen. Generally, there are three ways: satellite communication, cable, and wireless. Since the induction screen is installed on the side of the road, It is not easy to lay a communication cable. Therefore, it is recommended to use wireless communication means to implement data communication in the system, such as the China Mobile GPRS system we use.
GPRS is the abbreviation for General Packet Radio Service (General Packet Radio Service) and is a new data bearer service developed on the existing GSM system.
GPRS adopts the packet switching technology. According to the traffic accounting, high-speed or low-speed data and signaling are efficiently transmitted, and the utilization of network resources and wireless resources is optimized.
The management and control center transmits the data collected by the vehicle acquisition subsystem to the electronic guidance screen of the information on both sides of the urban road through the GPRS method.
Its advantages are:
(1) The release system guidance screen is placed on both sides of the road and scattered;
(2) Easy to install and debug;
(3) To facilitate routine maintenance and overhaul;
(4) The parking lot has a wide distribution range, and it is difficult to use the wired method for construction.
(5) Small investment and low construction difficulty.
5.3 Management Control Center (Information Dispatch Center)
The management control center is an entity that summarizes the collection and distribution of parking lot (library) data. Including several functions such as data acquisition, data processing and information release.
The collection of data is achieved through automatic acquisition of parking data (such as current parking space information, parking statistics, etc.) and road traffic data by the communication module. Processing, statistics, analysis, etc. of the collected parking information, and introducing GIS technology in the city parking guidance system, and realizing graphical traffic data through electronic map real street, parking lot and other geographic information data editing and querying Hierarchical management.
There are many forms of information dissemination. The most direct way is to publish static regional street routes and dynamic parking lot information on induction display screens to provide route guidance and parking space information. This is also the main aspect of the application of this system. In addition, we can also publish information on the Internet (establishing parking information websites, etc.), building CALLCENTER (customer service centers), releasing GSM SMS messages on mobile phones, broadcasting radio and television information, and publishing information on vehicle-mounted or handheld display devices. form.
The information collected from each parking lot is promptly transmitted to the induction screens in various places, which brings great convenience to the public's parking. At the same time, it can also publish some traffic information and announcement notices in time.
Forecasting models based on the relationship between the utilization of parking space and the flow of road vehicles are used to predict the traffic conditions in the area. Changes in parking spaces reflect the traffic conditions in the area to some extent. By establishing a relationship model between the two, the traffic conditions in the area can be predicted. Take advance measures for information release and induction.
Intuitive monitoring of the use of parking spaces in the city: The application of urban electronic maps to the management of parking lots and parking spaces. Based on GIS, the design of urban traffic electronic description and dynamic information release system, integrated transportation network and parking space distribution The internet. Unified monitoring of parking lot and parking space dynamic information.
5.4 Information Release Screen
In the planning and design of induced display screens, three levels of induction are commonly used at home and abroad:
Level 1 induction display
Set up a display device that displays the names, locations, and actual parking spaces of multiple parking lots (banks) on the main transportation lines in the urban areas.
Level 2 induction display
On both sides of the street in the area around the parking lot (library), a display device that displays the name of the parking lot (library), the traveling route, and the actual parking space status information.
Three-level induction display
A display device that sets the name of a single parking lot (library), actual parking space status, and other prescribed information near a parking lot (library) entrance.
Receives all kinds of information sent by the management and control center through the GPRS method and promptly sends it on the induction screen.
Detailed Parking Information for Parking Location Information and Directions
Super-bright LED dot-matrix display to show the patency of major roads to remind drivers to avoid crowded roads;
LED display can be used to send road regulation information, real-time traffic conditions, weather forecast, temperature and other information.