Capsicum anthracnose is also known as capsicum, which is the main disease of pepper. It is widespread and harmful. Under the conditions of high temperature and high humidity, the epidemic spreads quickly, and the damage time is long, which is harmful and the loss is large. In addition to harming peppers, the disease also damages tomatoes and eggplants.
First, the symptoms can occur after the seedbed to transplant, mainly harming the leaves and fruits, especially the mature fruit and the old leaves are more vulnerable.
The leaves are damaged, the edge of the leaf is a water-stained brown spot, which is nearly round and the middle is light gray. There are round black dots on the edge of the leaf, which is the conidia disk of the pathogen.
The fruit stalk is damaged, producing brown irregular sag, which is easy to crack when dry.
In the mature stage, the disease resistance of the plants is poor. Under the conditions of rainy or high temperature, the fruits are susceptible to damage, the lesions are brown, and the water-stained round forms irregular spots, which have many black dots on the upper side and moist color change on the periphery. ring. After the fruit is killed, it is easy to shrink, and the lesions are membranous, like leather paper, and easily broken.
Second, the cause of the disease is poor. Line pepper is more resistant to disease than sweet pepper. In recent years, the variety is wet and degraded, which is also an important cause of disease prevalence.
Repeated planting Planting for years, the accumulation of pathogens is fast, and the base is high. Once the conditions are appropriate, the disease will rapidly expand and spread. The diseased leaves, diseased fruits and residuals are not completely removed. The germs spread continuously through the wind and rain. Even if they are new, as long as the pathogens exist and the conditions are suitable, the disease can be erupted and prevalent. The management of seedbed is unscientific, that is, it does not carry out bactericidal treatment of seed chemicals and soil disinfection. Under high temperature and high humidity conditions, seedbed infection can be continued after being moved into the field. The germs invade from the wound, and after the onset, they are transmitted through wind and rain, air currents, and sucking pests such as mites and fleas.
Disease conditions The development temperature of the bacteria is 12-32 ° C, the suitable temperature is 27 ° C, and the relative humidity is about 95%. The rainy season comes early, the temperature and humidity are suitable, and it is also an important cause of disease occurrence and epidemic. The number of repeated dip dyeing is high. Under suitable temperature conditions, the relative humidity is 87%-95%, the pathogen incubation period is only about 3 days, the infection frequency is frequent, the pathogen accumulation is fast, and the pandemic can be caused in a short period of time. Summer drought, persistent high temperature, and severe sunburn are conducive to the prevalence of late disease. Planting density, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, poor drainage, poor ventilation and light transmission can accelerate the spread of disease. Do not ignore the seedbed and Daejeon chemical control in time, and do not make early detection and early treatment, and prevent the disease from ending.
Third, the prevention and treatment methods to select and promote disease-resistant varieties.
Seed disinfection. Soak seeds with 4% agricultural anti-120 melon tobacco special type 100 times for 12 hours, remove the cold and dry and then directly sow. It can also be pre-soaked with cold water for 1-2 hours, then immersed in warm water at 55 °C for 10 minutes, then cooled in cold water, and then germinated.
Reasonable rotation. It is 2-3 years old with wheat and corn to avoid cropping with melons and vegetables.
Strengthen cultivation management. According to the characteristics of the variety, water and fertilizer conditions, reasonable close planting; the greenhouse should be ventilated and dehumidified in time to avoid high temperature and high humidity; timely drainage after rain; timely removal of diseased leaves, diseased fruits and residual strains; application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve disease resistance of plants ability.
Chemical control. At the beginning of the disease, every 4-15 days, spray 4% of the agricultural anti-120 melons and tobacco-specific type 600 times, and spray 3-4 times, the control effect can reach 95.6%. It can also spray 80% of dexamethasone zinc 600 times and 75% chlorothalonil 600 times. The seedbed is strictly used, and the field must be sprayed continuously to achieve good control effects.
From: China Agriculture Network
First, the symptoms can occur after the seedbed to transplant, mainly harming the leaves and fruits, especially the mature fruit and the old leaves are more vulnerable.
The leaves are damaged, the edge of the leaf is a water-stained brown spot, which is nearly round and the middle is light gray. There are round black dots on the edge of the leaf, which is the conidia disk of the pathogen.
The fruit stalk is damaged, producing brown irregular sag, which is easy to crack when dry.
In the mature stage, the disease resistance of the plants is poor. Under the conditions of rainy or high temperature, the fruits are susceptible to damage, the lesions are brown, and the water-stained round forms irregular spots, which have many black dots on the upper side and moist color change on the periphery. ring. After the fruit is killed, it is easy to shrink, and the lesions are membranous, like leather paper, and easily broken.
Second, the cause of the disease is poor. Line pepper is more resistant to disease than sweet pepper. In recent years, the variety is wet and degraded, which is also an important cause of disease prevalence.
Repeated planting Planting for years, the accumulation of pathogens is fast, and the base is high. Once the conditions are appropriate, the disease will rapidly expand and spread. The diseased leaves, diseased fruits and residuals are not completely removed. The germs spread continuously through the wind and rain. Even if they are new, as long as the pathogens exist and the conditions are suitable, the disease can be erupted and prevalent. The management of seedbed is unscientific, that is, it does not carry out bactericidal treatment of seed chemicals and soil disinfection. Under high temperature and high humidity conditions, seedbed infection can be continued after being moved into the field. The germs invade from the wound, and after the onset, they are transmitted through wind and rain, air currents, and sucking pests such as mites and fleas.
Disease conditions The development temperature of the bacteria is 12-32 ° C, the suitable temperature is 27 ° C, and the relative humidity is about 95%. The rainy season comes early, the temperature and humidity are suitable, and it is also an important cause of disease occurrence and epidemic. The number of repeated dip dyeing is high. Under suitable temperature conditions, the relative humidity is 87%-95%, the pathogen incubation period is only about 3 days, the infection frequency is frequent, the pathogen accumulation is fast, and the pandemic can be caused in a short period of time. Summer drought, persistent high temperature, and severe sunburn are conducive to the prevalence of late disease. Planting density, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, poor drainage, poor ventilation and light transmission can accelerate the spread of disease. Do not ignore the seedbed and Daejeon chemical control in time, and do not make early detection and early treatment, and prevent the disease from ending.
Third, the prevention and treatment methods to select and promote disease-resistant varieties.
Seed disinfection. Soak seeds with 4% agricultural anti-120 melon tobacco special type 100 times for 12 hours, remove the cold and dry and then directly sow. It can also be pre-soaked with cold water for 1-2 hours, then immersed in warm water at 55 °C for 10 minutes, then cooled in cold water, and then germinated.
Reasonable rotation. It is 2-3 years old with wheat and corn to avoid cropping with melons and vegetables.
Strengthen cultivation management. According to the characteristics of the variety, water and fertilizer conditions, reasonable close planting; the greenhouse should be ventilated and dehumidified in time to avoid high temperature and high humidity; timely drainage after rain; timely removal of diseased leaves, diseased fruits and residual strains; application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to improve disease resistance of plants ability.
Chemical control. At the beginning of the disease, every 4-15 days, spray 4% of the agricultural anti-120 melons and tobacco-specific type 600 times, and spray 3-4 times, the control effect can reach 95.6%. It can also spray 80% of dexamethasone zinc 600 times and 75% chlorothalonil 600 times. The seedbed is strictly used, and the field must be sprayed continuously to achieve good control effects.
From: China Agriculture Network
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