Author: Zhao Xue Ying newspaper reporter Zhao Xue Ying
On March 16th, Shuanghui products were photographed at a Shuanghui chain store in Zhengzhou City. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Hu Wenbo)
Have you ever eaten "Clean"?
After this year's March 15 special action "Bodybuilding Pigs" was broadcast on the CCTV News Channel, "Clenbuterol" once again became a social concern.
According to incomplete statistics, since 19, there have been 19 cases of "lean meat" poisoning in China. More than 1,700 people were poisoned and some died. According to reports, the earliest "Clenbuterol" poisoning incident occurred in Hong Kong. In May 1998, 17 people were poisoned due to consumption of the pig's internal organs. On October 6, 1999, 57 people were poisoned in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province; on April 14, 2000, 30 persons in Longhua Town, Boluo County, Guangdong Province were poisoned; on October 9, 2000, 57 people in Hong Kong were poisoned; November 7, 2001 , Heyuan, Guangdong, 747 poisoning; September 2006, more than 300 people in Shanghai poisoning; in February 2009, Guangzhou, more than 70 people poisoning, this is the sixth Guangzhou poisoning incident.
A few micrograms of pork per kilogram will cause poisoning. "Clenbuterol" is beta-*******. It is an anti-asthmatic drug. Adding it to the feed can increase the feed utilization, speed up the growth of animals, and increase the lean meat percentage of pigs by nearly 10%. Therefore, it is known as "Clenbuterol," and the main cause of human poisoning is β-**. ***** Clenbuterol and ractopamine in *****.
Professor Shen Yanying, deputy head of Beijing Chaoyang, Capital Medical University, told reporters: “Clenbuterol remains long after it enters the pig, mainly in the liver, kidneys, lungs and muscles. Because of the 'lean meat' The chemical properties are stable and need to be heated to 172°C to decompose. Therefore, the general cooking method does not destroy the residual 'lean meat' toxicity in pork and organs.
"Several micrograms of clenbuterol per kilogram of pork can cause symptoms of human poisoning, rapidly causing rapid heart rate, and lowering intracellular potassium levels, leading to arrhythmia. Myocardial infarction is more likely to occur in patients with existing arrhythmias. "Shen Yanying explained that, under normal circumstances, the pig liver "lean meat essence" residue is 200 times the muscle, a meal containing "lean meat essence" of the liver more than half a catty, about 15 minutes to 6 hours there will be symptoms of poisoning. The symptoms of poisoning of pork and viscera that people have eaten with "Clenbuterol" residue are as follows: flushed and thirsty, allergic red papules on the skin, irritability, insomnia, finger tremors, feelings of fullness, and severe symptoms Can not stand; muscle tremor associated with pain; at the same time there will be tachycardia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, headache, dizziness and other series of metabolic disorders and other symptoms of toxic intoxication.
Shen Yanying believes that the "lean meat" mild poisoning will not have major problems, but the elderly, arrhythmia, hypertension, glaucoma, diabetes, hyperthyroidism and other diseases are more harmful. He suggested that: once the consumption of pork, once the appearance of flushing, headache, dizziness, chest tightness, palpitations, palpitation, trembling limbs and other symptoms, the patient should be immediately sent to ** symptomatic rescue, and leftover food left samples for testing. If the symptoms are mild after eating, just stop eating, supine, drink plenty of water, and repose after half an hour will improve.
China's "Clenbuterol" testing standard is zero for many years, the Chinese government has been improving the feed regulations, the prohibition of abuse of additives in feed as an important measure to ensure the healthy and stable and rapid development of the feed industry and protect people's lives and health. In 1997, the "Notice on the Prohibition of Illegal Use of Veterinary Drugs" and "Regulations on the Use of Veterinary Drugs as Additives for Feed Drug Additives and Usage Regulations" were issued, and the use of "Clenbuterol" was banned. In April 2000, the Ministry of Agriculture and the State Drug Administration jointly issued the “Immediate Notice of Investigation, Prosecution, and Use of Drugs such as Clenbuterolâ€. In 2001, the “Standard for Determining Clenbuterol in Feed†developed by the Ministry of Agriculture requires that any “clenbuterol†should not be detected in edible animals. In February 2002, the Ministry of Agriculture, together with the Ministry of Public Health and the State Drug Administration, jointly issued the “Catalogue of Drugs Prohibited for Use in Feed and Animal Drinking Water,†which includes 7 kinds of lean meats such as clenbuterol and ractopamine. Jing Jing is listed as a banned drug and included in the annual routine monitoring plan. In 2008, the Supreme People's Procuratorate and the Ministry of Public Security stipulated the new standards for prosecution of criminal cases, and investigated the use of "lean meat" breeding pigs, as well as the slaughter and sale of such pork, will be criminally responsible for the production and sale of toxic and harmful foods. .
In the context of the worldwide ban on the use of "Clenbuterol" for animal food, countries and regions where China, Taiwan, the European Union, etc. are not allowed to detect any "Clenbuterol" are allowed to have ractopamine micro-detection. Canada, the United States, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, etc.
"China's technology and standards are in line with international standards," said Professor Gan Yiru, associate dean of the Tianjin University Life Sciences and Engineering Research Institute. The "Clenbuterol" is mainly used in the laboratory for the chemical detection of live pig urine or slaughtered carcasses using high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. "The advantages of these two detection methods are the high accuracy of detection. The disadvantage is that the instrument is several hundred thousand yuan. It is difficult to operate and the detection process is cumbersome. The detection time is as long as one or two days. The test results come out and the same batch of pork or Internal organs have already become people's belly."
In order to facilitate the rapid detection of "Clenbuterol," the United Kingdom and Germany in 2005 developed an "ELISA" kit for the detection of "Clenbuterol" in meat and feed. Using immunoassays, rapid detection was used. Plus laboratory testing method to detect "Clenbuterol." In China, similar immune technology products have also been developed in the past two years. In 2009, colloidal gold immunochromatography, developed jointly by Tianjin University and Shanghai Paikun Bioengineering Co., Ltd., used a test strip within 5 minutes. ** Clenbuterol and ractopamine were detected rapidly and quasily in live pig urine, pig carcasses and cooked meat products, and colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay was performed (Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China Standard Number: NY/T 933- The industry standard of 2005) was also released in the same year, and was used in the quality inspection department for sampling inspection. Now, consumers can also test themselves with a test strip, a test strip only 10 yuan. At present, Tianjin University is continuing to give gifts to consumers.
Problems that cannot be solved by relying solely on technology and standards Although the Chinese government has repeatedly issued orders, it is imperative that the "clenbuterol" testing technology and standards are technically flawless. However, the "Clenbuterol" incident never ceases. A number of experts interviewed by the reporters agreed that apart from law enforcement issues and interest mobilization, there are still some problems that cannot be ignored.
Due to the high price of laboratory tests, many places are not easily tested. In addition, on the current market, the use of immunological techniques to rapidly detect the quality of "lean meat" reagents varied. In Shanghai supermarkets or farmers' markets, although testers routinely check the pork on the counter every day, they are not professional testers. The reagents used are varied. Some of them have low sensitivity and have not been identified by relevant departments. Caused by the missed inspection, so that the "lean meat" content of lower meat onto the consumer's table. A previous survey conducted by Tianjin University and Shanghai Paikun Bioengineering Co., Ltd. in the south found that pork that has been tested in many markets can still detect residual ractopamine.
In addition, most of the pigs in China are farmed and dispersed. Compared with the large-scale industrial farming, the control of the pigs is very low. Most of the "body-building pigs" in Henan are scattered pigs.
Experts believe that, in addition to strengthening law enforcement, relevant departments should also make efforts to unify the rapid detection of reagent technical standards, normalization of detection, and industrialized aquaculture, and truly integrate the culture method, feed feeding, slaughtering, sales, and table safety. “Our goal is not to allow consumers to take their own reagents to the market to self-test, but to strictly check from the source, so that law-breakers are scared and frightened, so that consumers feel at ease.†Said Gao Chenxi, general manager of Shanghai Paikun Biological Engineering Co., Ltd. .
On March 16th, Shuanghui products were photographed at a Shuanghui chain store in Zhengzhou City. Xinhua News Agency (photo by Hu Wenbo)
Have you ever eaten "Clean"?
After this year's March 15 special action "Bodybuilding Pigs" was broadcast on the CCTV News Channel, "Clenbuterol" once again became a social concern.
According to incomplete statistics, since 19, there have been 19 cases of "lean meat" poisoning in China. More than 1,700 people were poisoned and some died. According to reports, the earliest "Clenbuterol" poisoning incident occurred in Hong Kong. In May 1998, 17 people were poisoned due to consumption of the pig's internal organs. On October 6, 1999, 57 people were poisoned in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province; on April 14, 2000, 30 persons in Longhua Town, Boluo County, Guangdong Province were poisoned; on October 9, 2000, 57 people in Hong Kong were poisoned; November 7, 2001 , Heyuan, Guangdong, 747 poisoning; September 2006, more than 300 people in Shanghai poisoning; in February 2009, Guangzhou, more than 70 people poisoning, this is the sixth Guangzhou poisoning incident.
A few micrograms of pork per kilogram will cause poisoning. "Clenbuterol" is beta-*******. It is an anti-asthmatic drug. Adding it to the feed can increase the feed utilization, speed up the growth of animals, and increase the lean meat percentage of pigs by nearly 10%. Therefore, it is known as "Clenbuterol," and the main cause of human poisoning is β-**. ***** Clenbuterol and ractopamine in *****.
Professor Shen Yanying, deputy head of Beijing Chaoyang, Capital Medical University, told reporters: “Clenbuterol remains long after it enters the pig, mainly in the liver, kidneys, lungs and muscles. Because of the 'lean meat' The chemical properties are stable and need to be heated to 172°C to decompose. Therefore, the general cooking method does not destroy the residual 'lean meat' toxicity in pork and organs.
"Several micrograms of clenbuterol per kilogram of pork can cause symptoms of human poisoning, rapidly causing rapid heart rate, and lowering intracellular potassium levels, leading to arrhythmia. Myocardial infarction is more likely to occur in patients with existing arrhythmias. "Shen Yanying explained that, under normal circumstances, the pig liver "lean meat essence" residue is 200 times the muscle, a meal containing "lean meat essence" of the liver more than half a catty, about 15 minutes to 6 hours there will be symptoms of poisoning. The symptoms of poisoning of pork and viscera that people have eaten with "Clenbuterol" residue are as follows: flushed and thirsty, allergic red papules on the skin, irritability, insomnia, finger tremors, feelings of fullness, and severe symptoms Can not stand; muscle tremor associated with pain; at the same time there will be tachycardia, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, headache, dizziness and other series of metabolic disorders and other symptoms of toxic intoxication.
Shen Yanying believes that the "lean meat" mild poisoning will not have major problems, but the elderly, arrhythmia, hypertension, glaucoma, diabetes, hyperthyroidism and other diseases are more harmful. He suggested that: once the consumption of pork, once the appearance of flushing, headache, dizziness, chest tightness, palpitations, palpitation, trembling limbs and other symptoms, the patient should be immediately sent to ** symptomatic rescue, and leftover food left samples for testing. If the symptoms are mild after eating, just stop eating, supine, drink plenty of water, and repose after half an hour will improve.
China's "Clenbuterol" testing standard is zero for many years, the Chinese government has been improving the feed regulations, the prohibition of abuse of additives in feed as an important measure to ensure the healthy and stable and rapid development of the feed industry and protect people's lives and health. In 1997, the "Notice on the Prohibition of Illegal Use of Veterinary Drugs" and "Regulations on the Use of Veterinary Drugs as Additives for Feed Drug Additives and Usage Regulations" were issued, and the use of "Clenbuterol" was banned. In April 2000, the Ministry of Agriculture and the State Drug Administration jointly issued the “Immediate Notice of Investigation, Prosecution, and Use of Drugs such as Clenbuterolâ€. In 2001, the “Standard for Determining Clenbuterol in Feed†developed by the Ministry of Agriculture requires that any “clenbuterol†should not be detected in edible animals. In February 2002, the Ministry of Agriculture, together with the Ministry of Public Health and the State Drug Administration, jointly issued the “Catalogue of Drugs Prohibited for Use in Feed and Animal Drinking Water,†which includes 7 kinds of lean meats such as clenbuterol and ractopamine. Jing Jing is listed as a banned drug and included in the annual routine monitoring plan. In 2008, the Supreme People's Procuratorate and the Ministry of Public Security stipulated the new standards for prosecution of criminal cases, and investigated the use of "lean meat" breeding pigs, as well as the slaughter and sale of such pork, will be criminally responsible for the production and sale of toxic and harmful foods. .
In the context of the worldwide ban on the use of "Clenbuterol" for animal food, countries and regions where China, Taiwan, the European Union, etc. are not allowed to detect any "Clenbuterol" are allowed to have ractopamine micro-detection. Canada, the United States, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, etc.
"China's technology and standards are in line with international standards," said Professor Gan Yiru, associate dean of the Tianjin University Life Sciences and Engineering Research Institute. The "Clenbuterol" is mainly used in the laboratory for the chemical detection of live pig urine or slaughtered carcasses using high performance liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. "The advantages of these two detection methods are the high accuracy of detection. The disadvantage is that the instrument is several hundred thousand yuan. It is difficult to operate and the detection process is cumbersome. The detection time is as long as one or two days. The test results come out and the same batch of pork or Internal organs have already become people's belly."
In order to facilitate the rapid detection of "Clenbuterol," the United Kingdom and Germany in 2005 developed an "ELISA" kit for the detection of "Clenbuterol" in meat and feed. Using immunoassays, rapid detection was used. Plus laboratory testing method to detect "Clenbuterol." In China, similar immune technology products have also been developed in the past two years. In 2009, colloidal gold immunochromatography, developed jointly by Tianjin University and Shanghai Paikun Bioengineering Co., Ltd., used a test strip within 5 minutes. ** Clenbuterol and ractopamine were detected rapidly and quasily in live pig urine, pig carcasses and cooked meat products, and colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay was performed (Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China Standard Number: NY/T 933- The industry standard of 2005) was also released in the same year, and was used in the quality inspection department for sampling inspection. Now, consumers can also test themselves with a test strip, a test strip only 10 yuan. At present, Tianjin University is continuing to give gifts to consumers.
Problems that cannot be solved by relying solely on technology and standards Although the Chinese government has repeatedly issued orders, it is imperative that the "clenbuterol" testing technology and standards are technically flawless. However, the "Clenbuterol" incident never ceases. A number of experts interviewed by the reporters agreed that apart from law enforcement issues and interest mobilization, there are still some problems that cannot be ignored.
Due to the high price of laboratory tests, many places are not easily tested. In addition, on the current market, the use of immunological techniques to rapidly detect the quality of "lean meat" reagents varied. In Shanghai supermarkets or farmers' markets, although testers routinely check the pork on the counter every day, they are not professional testers. The reagents used are varied. Some of them have low sensitivity and have not been identified by relevant departments. Caused by the missed inspection, so that the "lean meat" content of lower meat onto the consumer's table. A previous survey conducted by Tianjin University and Shanghai Paikun Bioengineering Co., Ltd. in the south found that pork that has been tested in many markets can still detect residual ractopamine.
In addition, most of the pigs in China are farmed and dispersed. Compared with the large-scale industrial farming, the control of the pigs is very low. Most of the "body-building pigs" in Henan are scattered pigs.
Experts believe that, in addition to strengthening law enforcement, relevant departments should also make efforts to unify the rapid detection of reagent technical standards, normalization of detection, and industrialized aquaculture, and truly integrate the culture method, feed feeding, slaughtering, sales, and table safety. “Our goal is not to allow consumers to take their own reagents to the market to self-test, but to strictly check from the source, so that law-breakers are scared and frightened, so that consumers feel at ease.†Said Gao Chenxi, general manager of Shanghai Paikun Biological Engineering Co., Ltd. .