Mr. Yao from Yujiang, Jiangxi Province asked: What should I do if the rice is in heavy rain during the jointing and booting period?
A: If the plant is flooded, if it exceeds 48 hours, the whole plant will die. If some plants are buried, soil nutrients, especially nitrogen, will be washed away and easily infected with pests and diseases. It is recommended to take the following measures in time:
(1) Drain as soon as possible to expose the rice to the surface of the water. Be careful not to drain the water at one time during the hot sun, and the appropriate water layer must be retained.
(2) When the water is retreating, the floating matter should be removed with the water; when the water is just removed from the seedlings, it should be cleaned, and the bamboo raft can be oscillated back and forth to wash away the sediment of the contaminated stems and leaves.
(3) After the drainage, the rice plant is revived and a light field is taken, and then the quick-acting fertilizer is supplemented with shallow water. At the booting stage, 2.5 kg of urea and 3.5 kg of potassium chloride should be applied per mu for 3 to 5 days. Foliar fertilizers such as phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be sprayed 1 to 2 times outside the heading to the milky stage.
(4) After being exposed, it is easy to breed bacterial stripe disease, bacterial blight, sheath blight, etc., and timely use of chemicals to prevent and cure.
Mr. Zou of Jingtai, Gansu asked: Is it better to use a chlorine-containing compound fertilizer or a sulfur-based compound fertilizer?
A: Sulfur-based compound fertilizer should be used. There are two main reasons for this. One is that the potato is a crop with weak chlorine tolerance. The application of chlorinated fertilizer will reduce the starch content of the potato. If the application amount is large, the potato will be reduced. Second, the climate in the northwestern region is dry. After the application of chlorinated fertilizer, the residual chlorine in the soil is not easily washed out by the rain or irrigation, and the soil salinity is also aggravated in the saline-alkali soil.
Mr. Shen from Shangqiu, Henan Province asked: I used calcium nitrate and diammonium phosphate for fertilization. After melting and then applying it separately, the effect is quite good, but when the two fertilizers are mixed together, it is not easy to dissolve. What is going on?
Answer: Calcium nitrate is easily soluble in water, the aqueous solution is slightly acidic; diammonium phosphate is also soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is alkaline, which can be used for flushing; however, after mixing the two fertilizers, the aqueous solution is neutral or alkaline. It will form calcium phosphate salts that are hardly soluble in water, so it is not suitable for fertilization. Mr. Shen did some small experiments on the fertilizers with unknown consequences before application. This is a good practice and deserves to be promoted.
Ms. Jiang from Gongzhuling, Jilin asked: How much NPK is contained in organic fertilizer? Can the amount of organic fertilizer nutrient content given in the fertilization manual be calculated like fertilizer?
A: The main characteristics of organic fertilizer are various types, complex composition and difficult to determine. The specific nutrient types and contents vary depending on the source of organic fertilizer and the degree of maturity. The nutrients contained are roughly divided into two parts: quick-acting and slow-acting. In addition to providing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients for the seasonal crops, organic fertilizers are also beneficial to subsequent crops and fertilization, while the composition of chemical fertilizers is simple and clear. Mostly available for quick-acting nutrients, easy to measure and calculate. Therefore, the nutrient content of organic fertilizer provided by various fertilization manuals can only be used for reference when fertilizing, for example, to understand the main components and content of a certain organic fertilizer, to help determine the type and approximate dosage of the base fertilizer, but it is difficult to calculate The specific organic fertilizer and the amount of NPK fertilizer applied together.
Mr. Gu from Donggang, Liaoning asked: Is potassium chloride or potassium sulfate applied to rice and corn?
A: If it is not saline-alkali, it is recommended to use potassium chloride because, first, potassium chloride is higher than potassium sulfate and cheaper than potassium sulfate. Second, rice and corn are relatively chlorine-tolerant crops. Most of the chlorine remains in the stems and leaves, and under normal fertilization conditions, it will not adversely affect crop yield and quality. In addition, it has been reported that proper application of potassium chloride in rice can shorten the internodes and improve the lodging resistance.
(Senior Consultant of Sinofert, Professor of China Agricultural University Wang Xingren)
A: If the plant is flooded, if it exceeds 48 hours, the whole plant will die. If some plants are buried, soil nutrients, especially nitrogen, will be washed away and easily infected with pests and diseases. It is recommended to take the following measures in time:
(1) Drain as soon as possible to expose the rice to the surface of the water. Be careful not to drain the water at one time during the hot sun, and the appropriate water layer must be retained.
(2) When the water is retreating, the floating matter should be removed with the water; when the water is just removed from the seedlings, it should be cleaned, and the bamboo raft can be oscillated back and forth to wash away the sediment of the contaminated stems and leaves.
(3) After the drainage, the rice plant is revived and a light field is taken, and then the quick-acting fertilizer is supplemented with shallow water. At the booting stage, 2.5 kg of urea and 3.5 kg of potassium chloride should be applied per mu for 3 to 5 days. Foliar fertilizers such as phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be sprayed 1 to 2 times outside the heading to the milky stage.
(4) After being exposed, it is easy to breed bacterial stripe disease, bacterial blight, sheath blight, etc., and timely use of chemicals to prevent and cure.
Mr. Zou of Jingtai, Gansu asked: Is it better to use a chlorine-containing compound fertilizer or a sulfur-based compound fertilizer?
A: Sulfur-based compound fertilizer should be used. There are two main reasons for this. One is that the potato is a crop with weak chlorine tolerance. The application of chlorinated fertilizer will reduce the starch content of the potato. If the application amount is large, the potato will be reduced. Second, the climate in the northwestern region is dry. After the application of chlorinated fertilizer, the residual chlorine in the soil is not easily washed out by the rain or irrigation, and the soil salinity is also aggravated in the saline-alkali soil.
Mr. Shen from Shangqiu, Henan Province asked: I used calcium nitrate and diammonium phosphate for fertilization. After melting and then applying it separately, the effect is quite good, but when the two fertilizers are mixed together, it is not easy to dissolve. What is going on?
Answer: Calcium nitrate is easily soluble in water, the aqueous solution is slightly acidic; diammonium phosphate is also soluble in water, and the aqueous solution is alkaline, which can be used for flushing; however, after mixing the two fertilizers, the aqueous solution is neutral or alkaline. It will form calcium phosphate salts that are hardly soluble in water, so it is not suitable for fertilization. Mr. Shen did some small experiments on the fertilizers with unknown consequences before application. This is a good practice and deserves to be promoted.
Ms. Jiang from Gongzhuling, Jilin asked: How much NPK is contained in organic fertilizer? Can the amount of organic fertilizer nutrient content given in the fertilization manual be calculated like fertilizer?
A: The main characteristics of organic fertilizer are various types, complex composition and difficult to determine. The specific nutrient types and contents vary depending on the source of organic fertilizer and the degree of maturity. The nutrients contained are roughly divided into two parts: quick-acting and slow-acting. In addition to providing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients for the seasonal crops, organic fertilizers are also beneficial to subsequent crops and fertilization, while the composition of chemical fertilizers is simple and clear. Mostly available for quick-acting nutrients, easy to measure and calculate. Therefore, the nutrient content of organic fertilizer provided by various fertilization manuals can only be used for reference when fertilizing, for example, to understand the main components and content of a certain organic fertilizer, to help determine the type and approximate dosage of the base fertilizer, but it is difficult to calculate The specific organic fertilizer and the amount of NPK fertilizer applied together.
Mr. Gu from Donggang, Liaoning asked: Is potassium chloride or potassium sulfate applied to rice and corn?
A: If it is not saline-alkali, it is recommended to use potassium chloride because, first, potassium chloride is higher than potassium sulfate and cheaper than potassium sulfate. Second, rice and corn are relatively chlorine-tolerant crops. Most of the chlorine remains in the stems and leaves, and under normal fertilization conditions, it will not adversely affect crop yield and quality. In addition, it has been reported that proper application of potassium chloride in rice can shorten the internodes and improve the lodging resistance.
(Senior Consultant of Sinofert, Professor of China Agricultural University Wang Xingren)
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