Reasonable fertilization refers to the rational supply and regulation of various nutrients necessary for crops to meet the needs of crop growth and development, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing yield and improving the quality of agricultural products, reducing fertilizer waste and preventing environmental pollution.
Rational fertilization of summer maize should start from the following aspects: summer maize fertilizer requirements, target yield, soil properties, climatic conditions, fertilizer properties and agricultural technical measures.
Summer corn requires fertilizer and fertilization. Summer maize is not tightly applied due to the timing of sowing, but attention must be paid to the supply of phosphorus, because the nutrient critical period of corn to phosphorus is about 7 days after emergence. The critical period of nitrogen nutrition is later than that of phosphorus, which is in the stage of differentiation of vegetative growth to reproductive growth. The maximum nitrogen efficiency of maize is in the early stage of the large trumpet period. In this period, the growth is rapid and the growth is large. The nitrogen fertilizer is applied in this period, accounting for 2/3 of the total nitrogen. The absorption of potassium by summer maize has basically reached the highest amount when heading and flowering, so potassium fertilizer should be applied early.
Soil properties and fertilization. In order to give full play to the role of fertilizer, the type of fertilizer should be selected according to the nature of the soil, the amount of fertilizer should be determined, the fertilization period, and the fertilization method. Generally, for soils with heavy soil, it is unfavorable for seedling growth, and attention should be paid to fertilization at the seedling stage; for soils with strong sandy soil, due to poor fertilizer retention, the fertilization should be repeated a small number of times. The acidity and alkalinity of soil directly affect plant growth and nutrient conversion and absorption. Fertilization should consider soil properties and fertilizer varieties. In calcareous soil, the pH is neutral to alkali, and the application of phosphate fertilizer should be selected from superphosphate, heavy superphosphate or other water-soluble phosphate fertilizers, or high-phosphorus phosphate monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate. In saline-alkali soils, sodium nitrate and ammonium chloride are generally not used. Sodium and chloride ions increase the salinity hazard of the soil.
Agricultural technology measures and fertilization. Agricultural technology measures are closely related to fertilizer efficiency. Tillage can not only change the physical and chemical properties and microbial activities of the soil, promote the decomposition of soil nutrients, regulate the supply of soil nutrients, but also promote the growth of corn roots and the ability to absorb nutrients; good irrigation conditions can greatly improve fertilizer efficiency. Give full play to the effect of increasing the yield of fertilizer; the change of farming system and the increase of multiple cropping index will not only increase the number of nutrients, but also the proportion of nutrients; reasonable fertilizer application can promote the robust growth of crop individuals and enhance their resistance to stress.
Rational fertilization of summer maize should start from the following aspects: summer maize fertilizer requirements, target yield, soil properties, climatic conditions, fertilizer properties and agricultural technical measures.
Summer corn requires fertilizer and fertilization. Summer maize is not tightly applied due to the timing of sowing, but attention must be paid to the supply of phosphorus, because the nutrient critical period of corn to phosphorus is about 7 days after emergence. The critical period of nitrogen nutrition is later than that of phosphorus, which is in the stage of differentiation of vegetative growth to reproductive growth. The maximum nitrogen efficiency of maize is in the early stage of the large trumpet period. In this period, the growth is rapid and the growth is large. The nitrogen fertilizer is applied in this period, accounting for 2/3 of the total nitrogen. The absorption of potassium by summer maize has basically reached the highest amount when heading and flowering, so potassium fertilizer should be applied early.
Soil properties and fertilization. In order to give full play to the role of fertilizer, the type of fertilizer should be selected according to the nature of the soil, the amount of fertilizer should be determined, the fertilization period, and the fertilization method. Generally, for soils with heavy soil, it is unfavorable for seedling growth, and attention should be paid to fertilization at the seedling stage; for soils with strong sandy soil, due to poor fertilizer retention, the fertilization should be repeated a small number of times. The acidity and alkalinity of soil directly affect plant growth and nutrient conversion and absorption. Fertilization should consider soil properties and fertilizer varieties. In calcareous soil, the pH is neutral to alkali, and the application of phosphate fertilizer should be selected from superphosphate, heavy superphosphate or other water-soluble phosphate fertilizers, or high-phosphorus phosphate monoammonium phosphate and diammonium phosphate. In saline-alkali soils, sodium nitrate and ammonium chloride are generally not used. Sodium and chloride ions increase the salinity hazard of the soil.
Agricultural technology measures and fertilization. Agricultural technology measures are closely related to fertilizer efficiency. Tillage can not only change the physical and chemical properties and microbial activities of the soil, promote the decomposition of soil nutrients, regulate the supply of soil nutrients, but also promote the growth of corn roots and the ability to absorb nutrients; good irrigation conditions can greatly improve fertilizer efficiency. Give full play to the effect of increasing the yield of fertilizer; the change of farming system and the increase of multiple cropping index will not only increase the number of nutrients, but also the proportion of nutrients; reasonable fertilizer application can promote the robust growth of crop individuals and enhance their resistance to stress.
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