Compared with other mechanical oil recovery methods, the outstanding feature of the screw pump oil recovery system is its high system efficiency, which is significant for its research. According to the motion characteristics and energy loss of each part of the screw pump well, the efficiency analysis model of the screw pump well system is established. The application of this model in Erlian Oilfield shows that the main factors that affect the efficiency of two-screw pump well system are the small pumping parameters, the uncoordinated supply and discharge, and the excessive motor configuration. According to the situation, different screw pump wells have been put forward to improve the system efficiency measures, making the management level of screw pump well in Erlian Oilfield to a higher level. The application results show that the model is effective and accurate, which is of guiding significance to improve the efficiency of the other well pump system.