Some preventive measures.
Key words EPS External walls outside the crack prevention EPS exterior wall thermal insulation technology has been applied in China for many years, mature technology, practical application area. Its main process is to paste polystyrene foam panels on the outer surface of the building's exterior wall as the insulation layer, and on the outer surface of the polystyrene board as the protective layer by embedding alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh cloth. This kind of insulation has the characteristics of energy conservation, prevention of thermal bridges, protection of the main structure, prevention of internal condensation, and good thermal stability in winter. With the mandatory implementation of energy-saving design standards for civil buildings, EPS external insulation technology has been more widely used, but in the actual application process, there is a phenomenon of wall crack due to improper operation.
(1) Cracks in masonry structures are prone to cracks caused by temperature, foundation settlement, and material shrinkage. Masonry structure cracks are mostly cracks at the four corners of windows and doors, and ring beams and roofs are in the same wall. Between horizontal cracks. The cracks in the masonry structure can cause cracks in the external thermal insulation. In the process of the external thermal insulation construction, when the sheet seam of the polystyrene foam board is in the same position as the structural crack, the glass fiber protective layer can not resist the deformation stress of the masonry structure. Insulation protection cracks. The solution is as follows: When pasting polystyrene board, the joints of polystyrene board should be staggered with the ring beam with the same structure of the pet body, the stagger distance should not be less than 100mm. In the four corners of the door and window openings should be used to paste the entire board to ensure that the polystyrene There is no board seam between the foam board and the four corners of the door and window. It is not allowed to vertically splice the benzene board here (Fig. 1b); when the protective layer is wiped, a 200mm300mm reinforced glass fiber mesh cloth shall be added to the four corners of the window, which is equal to the window angle. The line is placed 90* and is attached to the outermost side (Figure lc).
External cracking prevention measures on masonry structures The treatment of methods 1 and 2 causes staggered gaps between the cracks in the polyphenylene plate and masonry structures. Because the polystyrene board itself has a certain degree of flexibility, it can resist the cracks in the masonry structure. The method is used to strengthen the protective layer and increase the anti-cracking ability of the protective layer. This basically eliminates cracks in the insulating layer caused by cracks in the masonry structure above.
In some projects, micro-cracks occur in downpipes, outdoor ladders, and the lower part of the windowsill. Most of these microcracks are caused by rainwater entering the wall due to the fact that the junctions between the components such as the downspout clips, the ladder fixings, and the window frame and the wall body are not closed or loose. The rainwater seeps into the protective layer along the gap of the polystyrene board. The protective layer is partially saturated with water, and after cracking and repeated freeze-thaw cycles, cracks appear and gradually deteriorate. The solution is as follows: (1) When pasting polystyrene board, polymer mortar shall be applied to the corresponding part of the polystyrene board around the component to cut off the rainwater infiltrating way; (2) After the protective layer is completed, the sealant should be filled around the component.
3 In the design of the root house where the main structure is projecting and overhanging, due to the high requirements of the opposite surface effect, some forms, such as door and window cover, bay window, canopy and picking table, are inevitable. In the EPS exterior wall external insulation construction, the top of the polystyrene board protrudes from the root part of the wall surface. Because the insulation material and the concrete have different shrinkage rates, cracks occur when the temperature is deformed. The solution is as follows: (1) When pasting polystyrene board, the end of polystyrene board, the corresponding part and side of polystyrene board should be filled with mortar, so that the polystyrene board and the wall are closely bonded together, and the protruding part of the wall is wiped. Insulation of vegetable materials to reduce the thermal bridge; 2 wipe alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh protective layer, the standard grid cloth should be attached to the outside of the package mesh, the two layers of grid cloth should be filled with glue to the standard The grid cloth is wiped and wiped over the protruding portion lOOnun to prevent cracking at this portion (); 3 After the construction of the protective layer of glass fiber mesh cloth is completed, the junction between the heat insulating layer and the protruding portion should be used with good elasticity. Sealant seal.
The corners of the external walls are at the turning points of the two facades, and the construction is inconvenient. If they are handled improperly, they may cause transverse cracks extending from the corners to both sides of the wall. The solution is as follows: 1The corners of the upper and lower polyphenylene slats are staggered and glued at the corners on both sides of the wall. The corresponding position of the polyphenylene plate should be full of glue. The glue bandwidth is not less than 50mm. Paste to the internal situation, prone to empty, Yinjiao polystyrene board paste should be carefully checked. It can prevent the vertical penetration of polyphenylene plate at the corners, and voids appear inside the inner corners. When the glass fiber mesh protective layer is wiped, the inner layer of the yin and yang angle structure should be reinforced with no less than 200mm on each side. Protective layer anti-cracking ability; 3 protective layer, the two sides of the wall at the corner of the best construction at the same time, in order to ensure that the corner is made once, if there is no construction conditions, the reinforcing layer mesh cloth should be completed once, wipe the standard network When the corner is completed, the vertical joint stays on the other wall, more than lOOmin from the corner. It is forbidden to leave the corners of the glass fiber mesh cloth joints. In this way, it can prevent the plaster layer from being over-thickened due to multiple plastering, which will cause the glass fiber mesh cloth to lose its binding force to the outer layer mortar and cause cracking, and prevent the grid cloth overlapping joints caused by multiple constructions from having no glue in the middle of the two-layer mesh cloth. Slurry, the phenomenon of cracking occurred at the empty drum.
The cracks on the wall surface of EPS exterior wall thermal insulation projects are related to many factors such as material properties, construction operation process, and construction climate.
The above-mentioned several parts are parts that are easily overlooked during construction. After cracks appear, they will gradually expand and cause more cracks to appear. Therefore, controlling the quality of the above parts will help improve the overall quality of the EPS thermal insulation project. Construction Quality.
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