Recently, China Construction Steel Structure Co., Ltd. (CSC) conducted a residual stress test on the steel plate wall of the Tianjin 117 project. This innovative test utilized a new three-dimensional stress magnetic measurement method to assess and eliminate residual stresses in the steel plate wall. This advanced technique marks a significant step forward in managing internal stresses that can affect structural integrity.
During the welding process, various types of stress—such as thermal stress, phase transformation stress, and machining stress—can exceed the material’s yield limit. As a result, some stress remains in the welded component after cooling. This leftover stress is known as residual welding stress. It's an unstable condition that can lead to local plastic deformation when external forces are applied. This interaction between applied and residual stress causes redistribution of stress across the cross-section, which may compromise the precision of the manufactured components. Additionally, it can reduce the overall stiffness of the structure. In short, residual stress poses potential safety risks to buildings. The key challenge for CSC was to analyze and eliminate these residual stresses in the steel plate walls, making this a pioneering effort in steel construction.
The Tianjin 117 Building is one of the tallest structures in the world, with 117 floors above ground and 3 underground levels. Its total height reaches 597 meters, and the total construction area spans 830,000 square meters. The building features a mega frame support system combined with a reinforced concrete core tube. Notably, the core tube is constructed using 70 mm thick steel plate shear walls, with welds extending up to 14 meters in length. These welding processes are among the most advanced in the country.
Zhongjian Steel Structure has placed great emphasis on controlling welding deformation and temperature differences during the welding process. They have conducted extensive research on residual stresses in steel plate walls, analyzing their distribution patterns and developing effective methods to control and eliminate them. This work has led to the creation of a comprehensive set of guidelines for managing residual stresses in large-scale steel structures. The findings from this research will provide standardized technical solutions for each construction unit involved, offering valuable guidance for future projects. Moreover, the results are expected to enhance the competitiveness of the CMC system, giving the company a stronger edge in securing larger contracts.
The research outcomes of the Tianjin 117 project are designed to be both technologically advanced and practical, aiming to meet international standards. This innovation not only improves the quality and safety of steel structures but also sets a benchmark for future engineering practices in the industry.
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