Abstract The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Industrial Strong Base" on February 14 (hereinafter referred to as "Guiding Opinions"). In order to facilitate the society to fully understand the connotation of the Guiding Opinions and promote the implementation of the Guiding Opinions, Xiao Hua, Director of the Planning Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology...
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Industrial Strong Base" on February 14 (hereinafter referred to as "Guiding Opinions"). In order to facilitate the society to fully understand the connotation of the Guiding Opinions and promote the implementation of the Guiding Opinions, Xiao Hua, Director of the Planning Department of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, was interviewed by the reporter and interpreted the Guiding Opinions. Industrial infrastructure capabilities directly affect the core competitiveness of the industry
Reporter: Please tell us about the background of the "Guidance Opinion".
Xiao Hua: After years of development, the overall strength of China's industry has reached a new level, but the characteristics of big but not strong are still very prominent. Our research believes that this is extremely inconsistent with China's huge industrial volume and scale, and the weak industrial infrastructure is an important reason, and the greater the gap between the basic and foreign leading levels, it is difficult to support the entire industrial innovation development, transformation and upgrading, the main performance in:
First, it has seriously restricted the improvement of the overall machine and system innovation capability. Some key basic materials, components (components) can not be self-sufficient, rely heavily on imports; without integrated foundation, can not form a unique and competitive machine and system equipment; some of the machine industry is a typical "assembly workshop" "The core components such as computer chips and operating systems are mainly controlled by foreign countries. The independent innovation and competitiveness of many electronic information products cannot be discussed."
The second is to become one of the main constraints of China's industrial products with poor reliability, poor quality, and difficult to create or lasting brands. Some basic products have low reliability, and the performance and quality are difficult to meet the needs of the whole machine users, resulting in some mainframes, complete sets of equipment, and complete machine products falling into "empty shell" and suffering from "chondrosis." For example, the main bearings of domestic turbojet and turbofan engines are nearly 100 times different from the international advanced level due to material and processing quality problems.
The third is to become a bottleneck for the independent development of the industry and the enhancement of core competitiveness. The low proportion of advanced production capacity and low added value of products have led to structural overcapacity of industrial products, and the contradiction between overcapacity of low-end products and insufficient supply capacity of high-end products is very prominent. For example, the hydraulic parts and engines in China's high-end construction machinery are basically dependent on imports, and the two parts account for 30%~50% of the total cost of the whole machine; more than 95% of the high-end CNC systems supported by CNC machine tools are imported.
The fourth is to become the soft underbelly affecting industrial transformation and upgrading and sustainable economic development. The lack of industrial technology infrastructure is difficult to support the development of the industry and cannot provide efficient public services for enterprises. Advanced technology promotion and application is not high, and some machine companies can only rely on cheap resource costs to play the "factory factory" of foreign companies.
The fifth is to become the crux of restricting China's industry from big to strong. The “four-base†products required for national economic construction and industrial production mainly rely on imports, and the price is high and the delivery time is not guaranteed. It has become the card neck link of some important localization projects.
The development of China's industrial "four basics" is seriously lagging behind, and the industry will be locked in the middle and low-end conditions, directly affecting the core competitiveness of China's industry. If this situation cannot be changed as soon as possible, as the low-cost advantage of long-term support for China's rapid industrial development tends to weaken, China's industry will accelerate "blood loss." In particular, some major projects and key equipment related to the national economy and the people's livelihood may have a "heart infarction" in the event of a foreign embargo, directly affecting the national economy and national defense security.
In order to realize the transformation of industrial powers into industrial powers, it is urgent to strengthen the top-level design from the national level, increase policy support, accelerate the promotion of industrial strength, form a good situation in which the whole machine and the foundation develop and promote each other, and thus enhance the overall industry of China. Level. Since the end of 2011, we have proposed industrial strong foundation engineering as an important way to transform and upgrade the industry. We will start from the top, research and develop the status quo of key industries in key industries, and actively coordinate with relevant departments to seek understanding and support. In 2013, the Ministry of Education decided to implement the “Special Action for Industrial Strong Bases†and proposed to study and formulate guidelines for accelerating the promotion of industrial strength.
Clarify the key points of development, the four principles and six tasks to promote industrial strong base
Reporter: Please tell us about the development process of the Guiding Opinions?
Xiao Hua: In accordance with the overall deployment of the industrial strong base special action implementation plan, we systematically summed up the current and previous policies and measures of the relevant departments of the State Council to support the improvement of industrial infrastructure capabilities, and entrusted the Development Research Center of the State Council to carry out research projects. It will conduct special research with relevant units and listen to the opinions of local, enterprise and industry associations. On this basis, the organization drafted the first draft of the "Guidance Opinion". I have solicited opinions from relevant industry associations and consulting agencies, relevant departments of the State Council, and localities, and publicly solicited opinions on the portal.
Reporter: Please introduce the main contents of the "Guidance Opinion"?
Xiao Hua: The "Guidance Opinions" mainly includes four parts, and puts forward the overall requirements for accelerating the industrial strong base, and clarifies the development priorities, main tasks and safeguard measures.
The "Guiding Opinions" clearly clarify the four basic principles that must be adhered to in accelerating the industrial strong foundation: adhere to the combination of market leading and government guidance, adhere to the combination of overall promotion and key breakthroughs, adhere to the combination of technological innovation and technological transformation, and insist on external introduction and The combination of internal joints. By 2020, China's industrial infrastructure will have significantly enhanced its innovation capabilities. The key supporting materials and core infrastructure components (components) will be greatly improved. The advanced basic technologies will be widely used. The technical basic service system supporting industrial development is relatively complete. Realize the coordinated development of key materials, supporting parts, complete machines and systems, and the industrial basic capacity has leapt to a new level.
The "Guidance Opinions" clarify the development priorities of key basic materials, core basic components (components), advanced basic processes, and industrial technology foundations.
The "Guiding Opinions" put forward six major tasks to promote industrial strong base: implement industrial strong foundation projects, and continuously improve the overall level of the industrial chain; strengthen research and development innovation in basic areas, promote the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements; promote production interaction, accelerate the promotion and application; Quality, strengthen brand building; deepen the integration of military and civilian, promote the interactive development of military and civilian basic industries; optimize industrial structure and promote industrial intensive agglomeration.
The "Guidance Opinions" also proposed safeguard measures to accelerate the promotion of industrial bases in terms of strengthening planning and industrial policy guidance, improving financial support policies, and broadening financing channels.
Find out the gap and explore the promotion mechanism
Reporter: Please tell us about the development of industrial strong base work?
Xiao Hua: In 2013, the Ministry of Education implemented the “Industrial Strong Base Special Actionâ€, which mainly carried out four key tasks, which can be summarized as “four onesâ€:
The first is to sort out the weak links in the "four basics" in various fields of China's industry, summarize the current policy measures, research plans, industrial policies, standards, investment and other coordinated promotion mechanisms, and prepare and issue the "Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Industrial Strong Base". Mobilize the power of the market and enterprises to create a policy environment conducive to the development of basic industries.
The second is to organize industrial strong base implementation programs, adhere to key breakthroughs, and promote the overall improvement of “four basic†products and industrial chains. Focus on the combination of long-term goals and staged breakthroughs, pay attention to the construction of industry technology basic service platform, pay attention to the coordinated promotion of industry, education and research, and focus on some key links and key products of the “four basics†in major equipment and electronic information fields. The role of the dominant enterprise, the organization of the promotion plan and the implementation of demonstration projects.
The third is to promote technology docking around key industries and organize academic activities of academicians. Academicians and experts from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing Aeronautical Materials Research Institute and other institutions were invited to conduct on-the-spot investigations, carry out technical docking and diagnosis on the spot, guide the scientific and normative nature of enterprise R&D activities, and promote the technological innovation achievements of scientific research institutes. The technical needs of enterprises are docked.
The fourth is to build an industrial-based collaborative innovation information exchange platform to promote the transformation and application of technological innovation results. Service enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, technological innovation and transformation applications, to create a "four-based" technology demand and online platform for technical achievements, explore the establishment of basic technology and products "Alibaba", test run "China Industrial Strong Base Information Network", Enhance information sharing and exchange and promote collaborative innovation.
After a year of hard work, the consensus was initially gathered, the gap was found out, and the promotion mechanism was explored, laying a foundation for further work.
Coordinating and promoting the promotion of industrial infrastructure
Reporter: Please introduce the follow-up work arrangement?
Xiao Hua: Enhancing the industrial infrastructure capability is a long-term complex and arduous system project. It has a large investment, a long cycle, and a slow return. It needs to coordinate and coordinate the forces of the market, enterprises, research institutes and governments to continue to advance.
In 2014, the Ministry will continue to carry out industrial strong base special actions, improve the promotion mechanism, continuously improve the industrial infrastructure capabilities, and promote industrial transformation and upgrading. Give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, and at the same time give better play to the role of the government, improve management mechanisms, increase publicity, and optimize the policy environment. It is proposed to cooperate with the Chinese Academy of Engineering to carry out industrial strong base strategy research and further strengthen the top-level design.
Focusing on "application traction, platform support, key breakthroughs", exploring the "four basics" promotion mechanism of innovative industries, implementing industrial strong foundation projects, organizing the launch of a number of key basic materials and core infrastructure components (components) demonstration applications, exploring the creation of a The batch of industrial technology basic public service platform, organize implementation plan, promote the industrialization of a number of key basic materials, a number of core basic components (components) to break through the development bottleneck, and a number of advanced basic process promotion demonstration. Establish and improve the industrial technology infrastructure system, solve the major engineering and key equipment needs in the raw materials, equipment, electronics, and gradually explore the formation of a new model to promote industrial strong base. Efforts will be made to create a good atmosphere in which the whole society attaches importance to industry and supports basic development, accelerates the consolidation of industrial development foundation, and enhances the quality and efficiency of industrial development.
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