Abstract Whether it's the momentum behind the "camp reform" or the challenges posed by property tax, today’s tax reforms are now more directly and deeply impacting the core of China’s taxation system. Focused on key issues, timing, courage, wisdom, and the interplay of expectations and doubts, in 2013, how will the tax reform reshape this central part of the system? This has become a major topic of discussion at the National Two Sessions.
The expansion of the "camp reform" continues to gain momentum, with tax reductions becoming a key focus. Although there may be debates on specific details, there is a rare level of consensus across China on pushing forward the "camp reform," which has helped accelerate its implementation over the past year.
Currently, no other country has a national VAT and consumption tax system like China's. As China transforms its two major tax categories, the VAT deduction mechanism will continue to have a ripple effect, enabling thousands of enterprises along different supply chains to benefit from continuous tax relief.
The budget report for 2013 emphasizes expanding the scope of the "camp reform" pilot programs and closely studying the implementation in transportation and modern service industries to further refine the VAT system. Jia Kang, a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and director of the Finance Department at the Ministry of Finance, stated that if more provinces adopt the reform this year, annual tax cuts could reach at least 200 billion yuan, increasing to 300–400 billion yuan in the following year.
Another major reform involves extending the resource tax to coal, raising concerns about potential increases in electricity prices. The goal of this reform is to align with global trends toward greener taxation and domestic demands for energy conservation and environmental protection. While oil and natural gas were included in the 2011 reform, coal remains a key area for expansion. Given that coal is widely used in power generation, the increased tax burden could significantly impact energy prices.
The budget report also outlines plans to further advance the resource tax reform in 2013. Zhang Sheng, a deputy to the National People’s Congress, noted that China's current power generation model relies heavily on coal, and while the reform is inevitable, the tax system will be adjusted based on regional and business conditions.
Meanwhile, the consumption tax is set to play a stronger role in targeting high-pollution and high-energy sectors. This aligns with the broader structural tax reduction strategy, which aims to lower taxes for low- and middle-income individuals and SMEs while increasing taxes on high-income groups and polluting industries. The improvement of the consumption tax system is expected to enhance regulation in these areas.
China has already taken steps to adjust the consumption tax, particularly in the petroleum refining sector. The 2013 budget report highlights the need to study products that consume excessive resources or cause environmental damage, signaling a broader regulatory intent. According to Zhang Bin, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, adjusting the consumption tax could lead to changes in consumer prices.
Finally, the expansion of the property tax pilot program is seen as an unavoidable step in the reform process. Despite limited progress in recent years, the State Council recently announced new real estate regulations, including the expansion of the personal housing property tax pilot. While no clear timeline has been given, the Ministry of Finance continues to explore ways to broaden the program. Experts suggest that property tax reform involves more than just one tax category—it touches on real estate, budget systems, and income distribution.The main material of aluminum doors and Windows is aluminum alloy, and its structural design is mainly divided into two parts: frame and fan. The frame body as the main support of the door and window, usually adopts the design of broken bridge aluminum, that is, the interior of the aluminum alloy is filled with heat insulation material, one is the glue type heat insulation profile, the other is the heat insulation profile through the strip. It can reduce the transfer of indoor and outdoor heat to achieve thermal insulation effect. Because of its excellent performance and diverse forms, aluminum doors and Windows are widely used in residential buildings, office buildings, hotels, shopping malls and other buildings. In order to ensure that aluminum doors and Windows can be maintained in good condition for a long time, regular cleaning and maintenance should be carried out. In summary, aluminum doors and Windows have become an indispensable part of modern architecture with their light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance, heat insulation and diversified design choices. Whether from a functional or aesthetic point of view, aluminum doors and Windows show their irreplaceable value.
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