Abstract Xinhua News Agency, Davos, Switzerland, January 17th President Xi Jinping attended the opening ceremony of the 2017 annual meeting of the World Economic Forum and delivered a keynote speech entitled "To share responsibility for the global development". The full text of the speech is as follows: Sharing responsibility for the times and promoting global development...
Sharing responsibility for the era and promoting global development - keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the 2017 World Economic Forum Annual Meeting
(January 17, 2017, Davos)
President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping
Dear Mr. Leuthard and Mr. Hausen,
Distinguished heads of state, heads of government, deputy heads of state and ladies,
Dear head of international organization,
Dear Mr. Schwab and his wife,
Ladies and gentlemen, friends:
Very happy to come to the beautiful Davos. Although Davos is only a small town in the Alps, it is an important window to observe the world economy. Everyone gathered here from all directions, and various ideas collided with the spark of wisdom and achieved high output with less investment. I think this phenomenon can be called "Schwab Economics."
"This is the best era and the worst of times." The British writer Dickens once described the world after the industrial revolution. Today, we also live in a paradoxical world. On the one hand, material wealth continues to accumulate, science and technology advances with each passing day, and human civilization has developed to the highest level in history. On the other hand, regional conflicts frequently occur, and global challenges such as terrorism and refugee flows are on the rise. Poverty, unemployment, and income disparity widens, and the world's uncertainties rise.
Many people are confused about this. What happened to the world?
To solve this confusion, first identify the root cause of the problem. There is a view that blames the world for chaos on economic globalization. Economic globalization has been regarded as a cave in Alibaba, and is now seen by many as Pandora's box. The international community has held extensive discussions on the issue of economic globalization.
Today, I want to cut into the issue of economic globalization and talk about my views on the world economy.
What I want to say is that many of the problems that plague the world are not caused by economic globalization. For example, in the past few years, the tide of refugees from the Middle East and North Africa has touched the world, millions of people have been displaced, and even young children have been buried in the sea on the road, which makes us sad. The causes of this problem are war, conflict, and regional turmoil. The way out to solve this problem is to seek peace, promote reconciliation, and restore stability. For another example, the international financial crisis is not an inevitable outcome of the development of economic globalization, but the result of excessive capitalization of financial capital and serious lack of financial supervision. Simply blaming the problem of plaguing the world on economic globalization is neither in line with the facts nor helpful.
Historically, economic globalization is the objective result of the development of social productive forces and the inevitable result of scientific and technological progress. It is not made by whom or which countries artificially created. Economic globalization has provided a powerful impetus for world economic growth, promoting the flow of goods and capital, the advancement of science and technology and civilization, and the exchanges between people of all countries.
Of course, we must also admit that economic globalization is a "double-edged sword." When the world economy is in a downturn, the global economic “cake†is not easy to grow bigger or even smaller, and the contradiction between growth and distribution, capital and labor, efficiency and equity will become more prominent, and both developed and developing countries will feel To pressure and shock. The voice of anti-globalization reflects the inadequacy of the process of economic globalization and deserves our attention and deep thought.
"Ganga has a bitterness, and the United States has a thorn." From a philosophical point of view, there is no perfect thing in the world. Because things have advantages, it is not comprehensive to see it as perfect. Because things have shortcomings, they can see it. Nothing is not comprehensive. Economic globalization has indeed brought new problems, but we cannot kill economic globalization as a stick, but we must adapt and guide economic globalization, and eliminate the negative impact of economic globalization, so that it can better benefit each country. Every nation.
At that time, China also had doubts about economic globalization, and it was too embarrassing to join the World Trade Organization. However, we believe that integration into the world economy is the historical direction. If the Chinese economy is to develop, it must dare to swim in the vast ocean of the world market. If you never dare to go through the storm and see the world, you will one day The water in the sea died. Therefore, China has bravely entered the world market. In the process, we passed through the water, encountered whirlpools, encountered wind and waves, but we learned to swim in the swimming. This is the right strategic choice.
The sea of ​​the world economy, you still have to, not there, are there, can't avoid it. It is impossible to artificially cut off the capital flow, technology flow, product flow, industrial flow, and personnel flow of the national economy, and let the sea of ​​the world economy return to an isolated small lake and small river. It is also inconsistent with the historical trend.
Human history tells us that there are problems that are not terrible. What is terrible is that they dare not face the problem and cannot find a solution to the problem. In the face of the opportunities and challenges brought about by economic globalization, the correct choice is to make full use of all opportunities, cooperate to cope with all challenges, and guide the direction of economic globalization.
At the end of last year, I proposed at the APEC Leaders’ Informal Meeting to make the process of economic globalization more dynamic, more inclusive and more sustainable. We must take the initiative and manage it moderately, let the positive effects of economic globalization be released more, and achieve a rebalancing of the process of economic globalization. We must conform to the general trend, combine national conditions, and correctly choose the path and rhythm of integration into economic globalization. We must emphasize Efficiency, fairness, and sharing the benefits of economic globalization in different countries, different strata, and different groups of people. This is the responsibility of the leaders of our time, and it is the expectation of the people of all countries.
Ladies and gentlemen, friends!
At present, the most urgent task is to lead the world economy out of the predicament. The world economy has been in a long-term downturn, and the gap between the rich and the poor and the North-South gap has become more prominent. The root cause is that the three prominent contradictions in the economic field have not been effectively resolved.
First, the global growth momentum is insufficient, and it is difficult to support the sustained and steady growth of the world economy. The world economy is growing at its lowest level in seven years, and global trade growth continues to be lower than economic growth. The short-term policy stimulus is not effective, and deep-level structural reform is still advancing. The world economy is in the shift period of kinetic energy conversion. The traditional growth engine has weakened the role of the economy. Although new technologies such as artificial intelligence and 3D printing continue to emerge, new economic growth points have not yet formed. The world economy has still not been able to open up a new path.
Second, global economic governance is lagging behind and it is difficult to adapt to new changes in the world economy. Not long ago, Ms. Lagarde told me that the contribution rate of emerging market countries and developing countries to global economic growth has reached 80%. In the past few decades, the contrast of international economic power has evolved profoundly, and the global governance system has failed to reflect the new pattern, and representation and inclusiveness are not enough. The global industrial layout is constantly adjusting, new industrial chains, value chains, and supply chains are increasingly formed, while trade and investment rules fail to keep up with the new situation, and mechanisms are closed and rules are fragmented. The global financial market needs to enhance its ability to resist risks, and the global financial governance mechanism has not been able to adapt to new demands, and it is difficult to effectively resolve the problems of frequent turbulence in the international financial market and accumulation of asset bubbles.
Third, the global development imbalance, it is difficult to meet people's expectations for a better life. In the book The Fourth Industrial Revolution, Mr. Schwab writes that the fourth industrial revolution will have extremely broad and far-reaching effects, including exacerbating inequality, especially the potential gap between capital return and labor return. . The wealthiest 1% of the world's population has more wealth than the remaining 99% of the population, and income inequality and spatial imbalances are worrisome. More than 700 million people worldwide still live in extreme poverty. For many families, having a warm home, plenty of food, and stable work is a luxury. This is the biggest challenge facing the world today and an important cause of social unrest in some countries.
These problems reflect the problems that must be solved in today's world economic growth, governance, and development models. Du Nan, founder of the International Red Cross, said: "The real enemy is not our neighbor, but hunger, poverty, ignorance, superstition and prejudice." We must have the wisdom to analyze the problem, but also the courage to take action. .
First, adhere to the drive of innovation and create a dynamic growth model. The fundamental problem facing the world economy is the lack of growth momentum. Innovation is the first driving force for development. Compared with previous industrial revolutions, the fourth industrial revolution was carried out at an exponential and non-linear speed. We must find a way out in innovation. Only by dare to innovate and be brave in change can we break through the bottleneck of world economic growth and development.
The leaders of the G20 reached an important consensus at the Hangzhou Summit. They must take innovation as an important starting point and tap new powers for economic growth in countries and the world. We must innovate the concept of development, go beyond the fiscal stimulus and a little more monetary easing, and establish the idea of ​​treating both the symptoms and the root causes and comprehensive policies. We must innovate policy instruments, promote structural reforms, create space for growth, and increase stamina. We must innovate the growth mode, grasp the opportunities brought about by the new round of industrial revolution and the digital economy, and respond to the challenges brought about by climate change and population aging, as well as the employment of informationization and automation. In the process of cultivating new industries and new forms of business, pay attention to creating new employment opportunities and let people of all countries regain their confidence and hope.
Second, adhere to the synergy and cooperation to create an open and win-win cooperation model. Human beings have become a community of destiny in you and me, and you have a high degree of integration and mutual dependence. Every country has the right to development, and at the same time should consider its own interests at a broader level, not at the expense of the interests of other countries.
We must unswervingly develop an open world economy, share opportunities and interests in the open, and achieve mutual benefit and win-win results. You can't return to the harbor when you encounter wind and waves. It can never reach the other side. We must work hard to develop global connectivity and enable all countries in the world to achieve linkage growth and common prosperity. We must unswervingly develop global free trade and investment, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation in the open, and clearly oppose protectionism. Protecting is like putting yourself in a dark room. It seems to have escaped the wind and rain, but it also isolates the sun and the air. The result of a trade war can only be both loses.
Third, we must keep pace with the times and create a fair and reasonable governance model. Xiaozhi governs things, and Dazhi governs. The urgency of the reform of the global economic governance system has become increasingly prominent, and the voice of the international community is getting higher and higher. The global governance system can only provide a strong guarantee for the global economy if it meets the new requirements of the international economic structure.
All countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor, are equal members of the international community and should participate in decision-making, enjoy rights and fulfill their obligations on an equal footing. It is necessary to give more representation and voice to emerging market countries and developing countries. The 2010 International Monetary Fund share reform program has entered into force and this momentum should be maintained. We must uphold multilateralism and safeguard the authority and effectiveness of the multilateral system. To fulfill the promises, follow the rules, and not choose or choose according to your own wishes. The "Paris Agreement" is in line with the direction of global development, and the results are hard-won. They should be adhered to together and cannot be abandoned. This is our responsibility for future generations!
Fourth, adhere to fairness and tolerance, and build a balanced development model. "The road to the avenue is also the world." The purpose of development is to benefit the people. To make development more balanced, to make development opportunities more equal, and to share development results for everyone, we must improve development concepts and models, and promote development fairness, effectiveness, and synergy.
We must promote a social atmosphere of diligence and hard work, and let all people's labor achievements be respected. We must focus on solving problems such as poverty, unemployment, and widening income gaps, taking care of the concerns of vulnerable people and promoting social equity and justice. It is necessary to protect the ecological environment, promote the coordinated development of the economy, society and the environment, and achieve harmony between man and nature and between man and society. It is necessary to implement the UN 2030 sustainable development agenda and achieve balanced development on a global scale.
"If you do what you want, you will be invincible. If you do what you think, you will be successful." As long as we firmly establish the common sense of human destiny, work together and work together to help each other and overcome difficulties, we will be able to make the world a better place. Let the people be happier.
Ladies and gentlemen, friends!
After 38 years of reform and opening up, China has become the world's second largest economy. The road determines the fate. The key to China's development lies in the fact that under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people have embarked on a development path suited to China's national conditions.
This is a road established from the national conditions of the country. Based on its own national conditions and practices, China draws wisdom from the Chinese civilization, draws on the strengths of the East and the West, adheres to it but does not rigidify it, draws on it but does not copy it, and has formed its own development path in constant exploration. All roads lead to Rome. No one should set his own development path as one, and should not impose his own development path on others.
This is a way to put the interests of the people first. China upholds the people-centered development ideology, takes the improvement of people's lives and the improvement of people's well-being as the starting point and the foothold, seeks development momentum among the people, relies on the people to promote development, and enables development to benefit the people. China adheres to the goal of common prosperity, vigorously promotes poverty reduction, and lifts more than 700 million people out of poverty. It is advancing toward the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way.
This is a road to reform and innovation. China persists in cracking down on the difficulties and challenges encountered in the process of advancement, dares to slap hard bones and risky beaches, dare to break down the institutional and institutional obstacles that hinder development, continuously liberate and develop social productive forces, and continuously emancipate and enhance social vitality. In the past four years, based on the continuous reforms of the previous 30 years, we have launched more than 1,200 reforms, which have injected a strong impetus into China's development.
This is a road to seek common development in the open. China adheres to the basic national policy of opening to the outside world, pursues an open strategy of mutual benefit and win-win, continuously enhances the internal and external linkages of development, and more benefits other countries and people while realizing its own development.
China's development has made great achievements, and the Chinese people's lives have been greatly improved. This is good for China and for the world. China’s development achievements are the result of decades of hard work and bloodshed by the Chinese people. For thousands of years, the Chinese nation has been known for its hard work and hard work. The Chinese people know that there is no free lunch in the world. China is a big country with a population of more than 1.3 billion. If you want to develop, you must rely on your own hard work and do not rely on the gifts of others. No one in the world has such ability.
Observing China's development depends on what the Chinese people have gained, and what kind of hard work the Chinese people have done. It depends on what achievements China has made, and what contribution China has made to the world. This is a comprehensive view.
From 1950 to 2016, under the condition of its long-term development level and people's living standards, China has provided more than 400 billion yuan in external assistance and implemented more than 5,000 foreign aid projects, including nearly 3,000 complete sets of projects. More than 11,000 training courses for developing countries in China trained more than 260,000 people. Since the reform and opening up, China has attracted more than 1.7 trillion US dollars of foreign capital and accumulated foreign direct investment of more than 1.2 trillion US dollars, making great contributions to the development of the world economy. Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, the contribution rate of China's economic growth to world economic growth has been above 30% annually. These figures are among the best in the world.
From these figures, China's development is an opportunity for the world. China is a beneficiary of economic globalization and a contributor. China's rapid economic growth has provided a sustained and strong impetus to global economic stability and growth. The coordinated development of China's same large number of countries has made the global economic development more balanced. The tremendous achievements of China's poverty reduction cause make global economic growth more inclusive. The continuous advancement of China's reform and opening up has provided an important impetus for the development of an open world economy.
The Chinese people are well aware of the hardships of realizing the prosperity and prosperity of the country, and they all praise the development achievements of the people of all countries. They all wish them blessings and hope that their days will be better and better, they will not commit "red eye disease" and will not complain about the development of others from China. There are huge opportunities and great returns. The Chinese people open their arms to welcome people from all over the world to take advantage of the "fast train" and "free ride" developed by China.
Ladies and gentlemen, friends!
Many people are paying attention to China's economic development trend. China's economic development has entered a new normal, and major changes are taking place in economic growth, economic development, economic structure, and economic development. But the long-term fundamentals of the Chinese economy have not changed.
In 2016, the Chinese economy is expected to grow by 6.7% in the context of a weak world economy, still in the forefront of the world. At present, the volume of the Chinese economy cannot be compared with the past, and the kinetic energy of the agglomeration is not achieved by the growth of the past two digits. China's consumer and service industries have become the main drivers of economic growth. In the first three quarters of 2016, the added value of the tertiary industry accounted for 52.8% of GDP, and domestic consumption contributed 71% to economic growth. Residents' income and employment have achieved steady growth, energy consumption per unit of GDP has continued to decline, and green development has achieved initial results.
At present, the Chinese economy faces certain downward pressures and many difficulties. For example, overcapacity and demand structure escalation are contradictory, economic growth has insufficient endogenous power, financial risks have accumulated, and difficulties in some regions have increased. We believe that these are the inevitable phase phenomena in the process of progress. We are working hard to resolve these problems and contradictions, and continue to achieve positive results. Our determination to move forward firmly will not be shaken. China is still the largest developing country in the world. China has a population of more than 1.3 billion. The people's living standards are still not high, but it also means huge development potential and space. Under the guidance of the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, we will constantly adapt, grasp and lead the new normal of China's economic development, and make overall plans to stabilize growth, promote reform, adjust structure, benefit the people's livelihood, and prevent risks. Promote China's economy to maintain medium-to-high-speed growth and move to the mid-to-high end level.
—— China will focus on improving the quality and efficiency of economic growth, transforming the economic development mode around the main line of supply-side structural reform, optimizing the economic structure, and actively promoting capacity reduction, destocking, deleveraging, cost reduction, and short-term development. We will develop new kinetic energy, develop advanced manufacturing industries, upgrade the real economy, implement the “Internet+†action plan in depth, expand effective demand, better meet people's individualized and diversified needs, and better protect the ecological environment.
—— China will continue to stimulate growth momentum and market vitality, increase reforms in key areas and key links, and make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation, taking the “nine nose†of innovation, promoting innovation-driven development strategies, and promoting strategic emerging Industrial development, focusing on upgrading and upgrading traditional industries with new technologies and new formats, promoting the development of new kinetic energy and the emergence of traditional kinetic energy.
-- China will actively create a loose and orderly investment environment, relax foreign investment access, build a high-standard free trade pilot zone, strengthen property rights protection, promote fair competition, and make the Chinese market more transparent and more standardized. It is estimated that in the next five years, China will import 8 trillion US dollars of goods and absorb 600 billion US dollars of foreign investment. The total foreign investment will reach 750 billion US dollars, and the outbound tourism will reach 700 million. This will provide countries around the world with a broader market, more capital, more products, and more valuable cooperation opportunities. For the industrial and commercial circles of various countries, China's development is still an opportunity for everyone. The door to China is always open to the world and will not be closed. Open the door, the world can enter China, and China can go to the world. We hope that the doors of all countries will also be fair to Chinese investors.
-- China will vigorously build a pattern of openness for common development, promote the establishment of an Asia-Pacific free trade zone and regional comprehensive economic partnership agreements, and build a global free trade zone network. China has consistently advocated the establishment of open, transparent, mutually beneficial and win-win regional free trade arrangements, rather than engaging in exclusivity and fragmentation. China does not intend to increase its trade competitiveness through the depreciation of the renminbi, and it will not take the initiative to fight currency wars.
More than three years ago, I proposed the “Belt and Road Initiative†initiative. Over the past three years, more than 100 countries and international organizations have responded positively to support. More than 40 countries and international organizations have signed cooperation agreements with China. The “Belt and Road†circle of “friends†is expanding. Chinese enterprises have invested more than 50 billion U.S. dollars in countries along the route, and a series of major projects have blossomed, which has driven the economic development of various countries and created a large number of employment opportunities. It can be said that the “One Belt, One Road†initiative comes from China, but the results benefit the world.
In May this year, China will host the “One Belt, One Road†international cooperation summit forum in Beijing to discuss cooperation plans, jointly build cooperation platforms, share cooperation results, and find solutions to solve the problems facing the current world and regional economies, in order to achieve linkage development. Inject new energy and let the “Belt and Road†construction work better for the people of all countries.
Ladies and gentlemen, friends!
The development of world history tells us that the progress of human civilization has never been a smooth road, and human beings are advancing in the struggle against difficulties. No matter how big the difficulties are, it is impossible to stop the pace of human progress. If you encounter difficulties, don't blame yourself, don't blame others, don't give up your faith, don't evade responsibility, but work together to overcome difficulties. History is created by brave people. Let us take confidence, take action, and work together toward the future!
thank you all.
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