In response to the ongoing threat of PM2.5, many consumers are turning to masks that are more expensive and complex in design, hoping for better protection. However, recent findings from the China Consumers Association and the Shanghai Consumer Protection Committee reveal that not all masks live up to their promises. A comparative test on 37 mask products showed that some filters are overhyped, and in many cases, a simple disposable mask may be just as effective — if not better — than more advanced models.
The test involved samples collected from six cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Hefei, Chongqing, Ningbo, and Harbin. These samples came from various retail outlets such as supermarkets, medical shops, and online stores. The price range was wide, from 0.58 yuan to 199 yuan per mask. The key metric tested was "filter efficiency," which measures how effectively a mask removes particulate matter under controlled conditions.
Disposable masks made from non-woven materials were found to have better filtering performance compared to reusable filter masks. While the latter do offer some level of protection, the small filter area allows air to bypass the filter through the surrounding fabric, reducing overall effectiveness. Additionally, inserting the filter increases breathing resistance, making them less comfortable for prolonged use. They also tend to be more expensive than their disposable counterparts.
Another issue identified by the municipal quality supervision department is the lack of clear standards for many types of masks. While medical and industrial masks follow strict national guidelines, other masks often lack standardized testing. Some claim to protect against PM2.5 but actually meet lower industry standards or no standards at all. In a recent safety risk assessment, 24 out of 38 sampled masks failed to meet the minimum filtration efficiency requirement of 90%. Some even had incorrect information on their packaging, and a number lacked essential labeling like filter grades or implementation standards.
One notable case involved the "North Korea" mask, which was found to be misleading. The product claimed to be an N95 respirator with bamboo fiber material, but tests showed it offered little to no protection against fine particles. This raised concerns about false advertising and consumer safety. Similarly, two "CM Chaomei" masks were flagged for poor performance and high resistance, leading to their classification as "defective products."
When choosing a mask, it's important to consider the environment and personal needs. For example, when pollution levels rise, it’s wise to wear a disposable mask, which is more effective and easier to replace. Those with respiratory issues or elderly individuals should opt for masks with exhalation valves to reduce breathing resistance. Children should use properly sized masks to ensure comfort and safety, and parents should remind them to change masks when they feel uncomfortable.
Finally, maintaining hygiene is crucial. Masks can become breeding grounds for bacteria, so regular cleaning and disinfection are necessary. If worn during physical activity, choose a mask with low resistance to allow proper airflow and prevent moisture buildup.
Always check the label and ensure the mask meets recognized standards before purchasing. Stay informed and make smart choices to protect your health in polluted environments.
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