**Design Requirements**
1. **Structure of Protective Clothing**
The protective clothing is composed of multiple layers, including an outer layer, a waterproof and breathable layer, a heat-insulating layer, and a comfort layer. These layers can be combined into a single garment or layered as needed. The design must comply with standard production processes and include appropriate accessories that meet performance requirements.
2. **Protective Tops**
The upper part of the protective gear should provide full coverage for the firefighter’s torso, neck, arms, and wrists. However, it should not cover the head or hands. The overlap between the top and trousers must be at least 200mm to ensure continuous protection.
3. **Protected Area**
The protective top should protect the upper trunk, neck, arms, and wrists but not the head or hands. The overlap between the top and the trousers must be at least 200mm to prevent exposure in critical areas.
4. **Collar Design**
The collar should be at least 102mm high and should feature lapped or fastened closures. It must consist of an outer layer, a waterproof and breathable layer, and a thermal insulation layer to ensure maximum protection around the neck area.
5. **Front Opening (Door Sill)**
The front opening should include the outer layer, waterproof breathable layer, and heat insulation layer to maintain structural integrity and protection when the garment is opened.
6. **Cuffs**
The cuffs should be designed to protect the firefighter's wrists and prevent burning debris from entering the sleeves. They must not interfere with the wearing of the protective clothing and should be compatible with protective gloves.
7. **Protective Trousers**
The trousers should offer protection for the lower body, including the legs, but not the shins or feet. This ensures that the most vulnerable parts of the lower body are shielded while maintaining mobility.
8. **Reflective Strips**
Reflective strips must be securely sewn onto the coat and trousers. On split garments, the reflective tape should be at least 50mm wide on the bust, hem, cuffs, and seams of the trousers. The reflective strips should be visible from all angles (360°) for enhanced visibility in hazardous conditions.
9. **Label Placement**
The label should be located on the left side of the front of the protective jacket, within the comfort layer, ensuring it does not interfere with movement or comfort.
10. **Color**
The protective clothing should be dark blue to meet visibility and identification standards.
11. **Accessories**
a) All hardware should be smooth, free of sharp edges, and treated against corrosion.
b) Threads and fasteners must be flame-resistant and match the color of the outer fabric.
c) The front placket should use a zipper no smaller than size 8 and match the outer fabric color.
d) Elastic bands should be used in the trousers for better fit and flexibility.
**Fabric Properties**
1. **Outer Layer**
- Flame resistance: After exposure to flame, the damage length should not exceed 100mm, and afterflame time should not exceed 2 seconds. No melting or dripping should occur.
- Surface water resistance: Should be at least level 3.
- Breaking strength: Minimum 650N.
- Tear strength: Minimum 100N in both warp and weft directions.
- Thermal stability: After testing at 260°C ± 5°C, dimensional change should not exceed 10%, and the surface should show no significant changes.
- Weight per unit area: Should be within ±5% of the nominal value provided by the supplier.
- Color fastness: Washable stain and water-resistant friction should be at least grade 3.
2. **Waterproof Breathable Layer**
- Hydrostatic pressure resistance: Minimum 17kPa.
- Water vapor permeability: Minimum 5000g/(m²·24h).
- Thermal stability: After testing at 180°C ± 5°C, dimensional change should not exceed 5%, and the surface should remain unchanged.
3. **Thermal Insulation Layer**
- Flame resistance: Same as the outer layer—damage length ≤ 100mm, afterflame time ≤ 2s, no melting or dripping.
- Thermal stability: After testing at 180°C ± 5°C, dimensional change ≤ 5%, surface remains intact.
4. **Comfort Layer**
- Must not melt or drip.
- Overall protection performance (TPP): Should be at least 28 cal/cm².
- Seam density: At least 12 stitches per 3cm along straight lines, and 9 stitches per 3cm along seams.
- Color difference: Collar, front, sleeves, and other parts should have a color difference of at least level 4.
- Seam strength: Outer seam breaking strength should be at least 650N.
5. **Reflective Sign Belt**
- Heat resistance: Should withstand 260°C ± 5°C for 5 minutes without carbonization or peeling.
- Retroreflection coefficient: Should be at least 70% of the value specified in Table 2.
- Flame resistance: Afterflame time ≤ 2s, no melting or dripping.
- Washing test: After 25 washes, no damage, loss, or discoloration.
- Temperature test: After high and low temperature tests, the reflective strip should remain intact, without wrinkles, breaks, or twists.
**Appearance Quality**
a) All parts should be clean, flat, and free of yellowing, water stains, or shiny spots.
b) The collar should be flat and not curl up.
c) Symmetrical parts should be similar in appearance.
d) Adhesive lining should not show signs of peeling or bleeding.
e) Labels should be correctly positioned and clearly marked.
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